scalars

This paper is a study on the invertibility of the commutator of scalar-idempotent elements and scalar-involutory elements of a unitary ring.

Divisor scalar multiplication is the key operation in hyperelliptic curve cryptosystem.

s: Wrong value for input argument: Scalar/vector/matrix/hypermatrix of positive integers expected.

s: Wrong first input argument: Scalar/matrix/hypermatrix of unsigned integers expected.

According to the theory of scalar diffraction, first, the equipollence of spatial distribution of the plane-wave interferential field and parallel projective sine grating is discussed.