landowning

Hadrian belonged to an upwardly mobile Spanish landowning elite that had grown rich selling olive oil.

landowning families in the region

The landowning Bayazidis are Muslim, the trading Gregoroses, Christian.

By the early 19th century, successful industrialists became more  powerful than landowning aristocrats.

This alliance between conservative landowning elites and the army - especially in the face of calls for land reform or economic justice - would happen over and over again in Latin America for the next century and a half.